Poverty in Urban Areas

Introduction In developing countries, the alarming levels of urban poverty call for prompt action. Continuous development of urban areas and growth of urban population in these countries has led to a myriad of problems that has made urban poverty a cyclic phenomenon.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Poverty in Urban Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today, urban population is facing poverty-related problems like lack of sanitation and clean water, poor drainage, inadequate management of waste, etc (Stephen, 2008, p. 1). Living in this kind of an environment which is also characterized with high unemployment rates and overpopulation, the poor are forced to engage in activities that sink them deeper in poverty and guarantee the poverty of their children. This problem is magnified by the fact that government agencies have been unable to develop a sustainable solution through planning. This paper is a report add ressing the problem of urban poverty and suggesting possible solutions to the problem for presentation to an aid agency (â€Å"Analyzing urban poverty†, 2006, pp. 1 – 12). Drawbacks to urban poverty alleviation The main reason for escalation of the problem of poverty is urban areas is because the intricate problems of urban poverty are considered too small to attract big policies. However, their cumulative effect on urban life is tremendous. First of all, poverty in urban areas implies poor quality of urban neighbourhoods. This is due to the fact that most of these areas have council housing that fails to meet minimal decency standards (Stephen, 2008, p. 1). Other urban areas are characterized with a high number of squatter settlements that have equally poor living conditions. These settlements are also characterized with dense population, land scarcity and topological limitations that make it difficult for them to gain access to urban services like electricity, water and sometimes transport infrastructure. They, therefore act as a catalyst for aggressive and disruptive behaviour. Residents of these areas, therefore, engage in graffiti, rubbish dumping, vandalism and minor crime. These are made hard to detect by the environment these people live in. On the contrary, well-kept environments are self regulatory with reference to unacceptable societal behaviour. Thus, these environments draw people to leisure spaces that create common purpose and security. As stated earlier, poverty in urban areas prompt for actions by the poor that make the poverty cyclical. For instance, in most urban areas, the poor are forced to use alternative energy like charcoal that lead to environmental degradation.Advertising Looking for report on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This leads to weather and climate problems that affect economies and thus plunges the poor into more poverty. They are also force d to indulge their children in child labour and therefore, the children miss education. This makes their children lead the poor lives their parents led (Perlman, Hopkins Jonsson, 1998, pp. 1 – 13). Solutions for urban poverty Good development programs The efforts of government agencies in combating urban poverty have not achieved remarkable success in poverty stricken urban areas due to poor planning. Aid agencies should, therefore, intervene and conceive holistic improvement programs that take the key issues related to urban poverty into consideration. These issues include housing, education, environmental degradation, crime, unemployment etc. Aid agencies and philanthropists need to gather dweller information such as religious icons, small meeting places, posted bills etc. This information may seem insignificant at a glance but it enables planners to avoid future problems that may derail poverty alleviation efforts (Ravallion, 2007, p. 1). Combating environmental degradati on Urban poverty and environmental degradations are highly inter-related and they are regarded to stem from poor development plans. The interrelation is evidenced by the fact that environmental degradation leads to more poverty and the fact that the poor are regarded as the chief agents of environmental degradation. Poverty alleviation plans should therefore incorporate environmental conservation plans in order to prevent negative effects of environmental degradation from affecting poverty alleviation efforts (Douglass, 1998, p. 1). Dealing with Overpopulation Overpopulation is one of the major contributors of urban poverty. Low-class urban settlements are characterized with congestion that has adverse effects on the economic welfare of the inhabitants of these areas. Poverty alleviation plans must therefore address the issue of overpopulations. Strategies and plans should be devised to ease out congestion in these areas and reduce the negative effects of overpopulation such as poll ution, crime, unemployment, environmental degradation etc. Therefore, aid agencies should develop proper plans for urban settlement management in their efforts to reduce urban poverty (Srinivas, 2010, p. 1).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Poverty in Urban Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Community involvement To successfully implement the suggested solutions, there is need to involve the community in the development efforts. The community holds the potential to contribute to development plans and therefore, aid agencies should attract community initiative with innovative planning and management. The community should also be consulted before implementation of development plans to make sure that the plans are in agreement with acceptable community standards. The communities are also characterized with valuable innovations that are instrumental to development plans and therefore their involvement will be ve ry valuable (Douglass, 1998, p. 1). Proper resource allocation There is also the need to devolve significant budgetary allocation to bigger areas in order to impact the cities substantially. Thus, such strategies which increase the impact of urban poverty alleviation should be appropriately set out. There is also the need to harness resources that are prerequisite to development (Masika, 2010, p. 11). Examples of these resources include creativity and innovation, and energy. Circular cities are also known to be better than linear cities in terms of utilization and recapturing of resources (â€Å"Urban poverty†, 2008, p. 1). Therefore, aid agencies should advocate for construction of circular cities if their poverty alleviation plans involve reconstruction. Conclusion Poverty has been a major challenge in the urban areas of developing countries, especially those that have problems of overpopulation. The effects of urban poverty have extensively affected urban life in these cou ntries by acting as a catalyst for vices in the societies. Government agencies in these countries have failed miserably in their efforts to combat this problem. It is, therefore, essential for aid agencies to implement the suggested strategic and precautionary measures before investing in the alleviation of the poverty in these areas. This will ensure that their efforts are productive. However, the implementation of these strategies and plans may also be faced with problems. One of the problems facing implementation of strategies is the fact that the residents in these areas normally have benchmarks for infrastructure and other facilities from the neighbouring and well-off areas.Advertising Looking for report on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This problem is conspicuous in government development projects in which the residents of these areas expect equal treatment and thus expect construction of wide roads, construction of extravagant buildings etc (â€Å"Analyzing urban poverty†, 2006, p. 1). The aid agencies, therefore, need to address this problem adequately. The inhabitants of these areas may also fear relocation by the planning agencies. With reference to the aforementioned challenges, aid agencies and philanthropists should devise proper plans to ensure that their alleviation efforts are appreciated and backed by the poor population (Perlman, Hopkins Jonsson, 1998, pp. 13 – 17). Works Cited Analyzing Urban Poverty. (2006). A Sustainable Approach to Problems in Urban Squatter Developments. PDF File. Web. Douglass, M. (1998). Britain’s Cities of Yesterday and Tomorrow. PDF File. Web. Masika, R. (2010). Urbanization and Urban Poverty: A Gender Analysis. PDF File. Web. Perlman. J, Hopkins, E Jons son, A. (1998). Urban Solutions at the Poverty/Environment Intersection. PDF File. Web. Ravallion, M. (2007). Urban Poverty. Available from, https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2007/09/ravalli.htm Srinivas, H. (2010). Urban Development and Urban Poverty. Available from,  http://www.gdrc.org/uem/squatters/urban-poverty.html Stephen, D. (2008). Breaking the Cycle of Urban Poverty. Available from, https://www.idrc.ca/ Practical Action. (2008). Urban poverty. Available from,  https://practicalaction.org/urban This report on Poverty in Urban Areas was written and submitted by user BlackBolt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Invisible Man Analysis Essay Example For Students

The Invisible Man Analysis Essay Ralph EllisonRalph Ellison manages to develop a strong philosophy through characterization in the Invisible Man. Ellison portrays the lonely narrators quest in struggling to search for his identity and an understanding of his times. The well development of the character lays out the foundation on the philosophy of finding and understanding himself. Through a labyrinth of corruption and deceit the narrator undergoes events that manage to enrich his experience and further contribute in his search for himself. Such scenes include the battle royal scene, the college, Truebloods visit, and the blueprint seller. We will write a custom essay on The Invisible Man Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The narrator at first never realizes his innocence. At first the timid Invisible Man is invited to attend his scholarship award ceremony. However with other Negroes he is rushed to the front of the ballroom where a stripper frightens them by dancing in nude. After staging the battle royal and attacking one another in response to the drunken shouts of the rich white folk, the boy is brought to give his prepared oration of gratitude to the white benefactors. An accidental remark to equality nearly ruins him, but the narrator manages to survive and is given a briefcase containing a scholarship to a Negro college. This acts a high peak in the narrators quest since it sets him for his struggle in searching for himself. The narrator adores the college however is thrown out before long by its president, Dr.Bledsoe, the great educator and leader of his race. Ironically the narrator had seen Dr.Bledsoe as an idol aiming to gradually impersonate him. He was expelled for permitting, Mr.Norton , one of the college founders into the slave quarters and the Golden Day bar. After that incident the Invisible Man goes through the sense that he is losing his identity. This initiates an air of confusion as the narrator is now brought in a quarrel against himself.In the prologue the Invisible Man quotes, I was naveI was looking for myself and asking everyone except myself questions which only I could answer. The narrator is tempted to set out in the quest to search for his identity. The prologue identified the theme to the readers. It was however during Truebloods visit that the character manages to learn about his true background and roots. It is through such people, of his true Southern nature, that the narrator glimpses a view on himself. This is true also when the Invisible Man encounters the blueprint seller who sang the blues, a common song of the south. Although the Invisible Man was in the North, he still found himself clinging on to the southerner, since he was of his similar race. If the narrator succeeds in finding his own identity then he will definitely be truthful to himself and the others. By finding his identity the narrator has ensured friendships and encounters with many people, since loneliness will be avoided. The Invisible Mans identity ensured him that he had opposed the idea of manipulating the whites as Gods or Forces through the grins and yesses while the whites manage to achieve their destiny through their control over him. Through characterization Ellison has managed to reveal his philosophy that dealt with struggling to find ones identity. The characters have been developed in a sense that has them reflect one anothers traits and personalities. Through many encounters the narrator begins to set out to find who he truly is. By questioning his everyday living the narrator manages to progress in the quest to achieve his goal.

History of Biological Warfare

History of Biological Warfare Free Online Research Papers Biological warfare is defined as the use of bacteria or viruses or toxins to destroy men, animals or food. It is also known as germ warfare. It is used when an army, at war decides to bring sickness or disease to battle to give them an advantage and kill the opposing army without going to battle. In this paper I will explain different types of biological warfare that have been used over time and how it has changed or hasn’t changed. The first documented instance of biological warfare or BW is in Sophocleses’ play Philoctetes when the main character is hit with a poisonous arrow that was made from a dead soldiers blood and other bacterial items not named. Another known story of BW in the early years was during the siege of the city-state of Athens by the Spartans in the Peloponnesian War. A devastating epidemic broke out which killed thousands of Athenians. They were killed when the Spartans collected and began throwing dead soldiers bodies over the castle wall. The strategy was to drive the Athenians out of the protected castle and to attack them when they opened the gates. However, the Athenians did not leave the security of their fortress and all died from the exposure of the diseases brought forth from the dead bodies. Another great story of BW is when Hannibal won a great naval battle over his opponent by using a new kind of BW. Back then when ships battled they got really close so Hannibal devised a plan to attack his enemies. Hannibal collected a bunch of venomous snakes and put them in glass bottles. When they got close enough to attack, they threw the containers holding snakes onto their ships. They easily won the battle because the snakes did most of the work. Later on in time when two armies were battling the army catapulted the dead bodies over their walls along with rats because this would help spread the awful bubonic plague. This exposure killed every single resident that lived in the city they were attacking, called Kaffa. This strategy was also used at a later date in another war when the Russians were attacking the Swedes. The Russians catapulted soldiers that had died from the bubonic plague or other injures while infected at the Swedes. They smashed their opponent and eventually took over their city. As you can see Biological warfare up until this time in history was pretty much the same and had not changed much. However, more advanced military planning and perceived higher stakes resulted in drastic changes. A more modern technique was planned in the French and Indian War. The plan was well documented, however it is unclear whether or not it was ever carried out. The plan was for a British captain to offer blankets and towels as gifts to the Indians. However, these blankets and towels would first have been used by infected soldiers to wipe off the pus and scabs from small pox. In World War I the Germans made anthrax and put it in the Romanian horse feed because these horses were being shipped out to the USA and many other places and they wanted to try and kill as many people as possible. As you can see BW changed, so instead of just exposing their opponent to an immediate danger, new techniques were planned and much more sneaky and effective because the victims didn’t know where the exposure or threat was coming from. Current risks of biological warfare are very scary as laboratories with known viruses are targeted, and no one looks at white powder quite the same. In addition, the risk of exposure in a society that travels easily without knowing they are doing damage and exposing everyone at every stop creates an on-going risk. The World Health Organization as well as the United Nations have taken hard lines against BW, but as history has shown us, the creative minds of men prevail. Research Papers on History of Biological WarfareGenetic EngineeringOpen Architechture a white paper19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraQuebec and CanadaThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Manage Multiple Marketing Clients In One Platform With CoSchedule

Manage Multiple Marketing Clients In One Platform With Managing a hundred different clients†¦ With a million different platforms†¦ is NO cakewalk. You’re constantly jumping from tool to tool†¦ †¦attempting to keep track of a thousand moving parts AND every associated deadline†¦ you’re running from client to client†¦ (with new projects to add to your workload after every visit) and it’s enough to make you feel like your head is spinning. *sigh* But what if there was a way you could manage all your clients in ONE place? Where you could integrate all your marketing platforms†¦ easily manage your workflows + track deadlines†¦ AND have some kick butt analytics to show your clients how *amazing* you are. Too good to be true? Think again :) How To Manage All Your Clients On ONE Platform, Increase Productivity, And Get Crazy OrganizedIntroducing For Agencies! AKA your one stop marketing shop to keep your sanity intact and keep your agency workin’ like a well-oiled marketing machine. With for Agencies, you can: Manage all your clients in ONE place. Eliminate the need for spreadsheets, email threads, and multiple platforms! Get all your clients under one roof. Make it easy for you, your clients, AND  your team to collaborate, manage projects, and get  sh*t  done. Simplify your team’s workflows and collaboration. With custom integrations, team member approvals, and streamlined communication, you can easily facilitate real time collaboration with your clients, stay on track with project tasks, and execute on projects faster. Customize to fit your needs. is designed for flexibility. And as your clientele grows, so should your calendar. With three tiers of multi-calendar plans, makes it easy to scale your plan to fit your client’s unique needs! Improve client retention with data driven results. No more warm fuzzies! Prove the value of all your hard work with real data. Utilize ’s most advanced analytics to measure your success and improve client retention†¦.(without all the tedious data collection). Which means you can stop jumping from screen to screen, manage  all your clients on ONE platform,  and get your agency super organized in the process. Let’s jump into the deets!

Media production Film and Tv Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Media production Film and Tv - Essay Example This means that the current media landscape is mostly working towards getting more people to be involved and participate in the interaction. Such interaction between the media and participates can also be defined as the liveness that has been traditionally marked by the bringing of global events to the attention of a nationally situated populace. However, the notions of liveness are becoming more complicated with the development of mobile phones, blogging and social networking (Hirst, 2014, 32). Acknowledging, the purpose to get a critical picture of the changing liveness, this essay will firstly present a general description of the current media landscape. Following this, this essay will critically investigate how liveness is changing the current media landscape. Furthermore, the present essay will continue to examine how our relationship to liveness is changing the current media landscape. Finally, what has been discussed in the present essay will be concluded in the end. It is beneficial to get a general knowledge of the current media landscape before investigating how liveness and our relationship to it are changing the current media landscape. First generated by Goldmark, new media refers to the notion that is constantly changing. As a matter of fact, the current media landscape is mainly characterized by new, which can be understood from four fronts. The "new" characteristic can be demonstrated by new notion, a new pattern, new effectiveness, and new value. Specifically, the new notion refers to the reducing of boundaries between traditional media, boundaries between countries, communities, and industries, and boundaries between information providers and receivers. The new pattern refers to the pattern transformation from the point-points pattern of points-points pattern, which enables every individual to have the opportunity to get involved in information broadcasting, and can further enhance public participation

Diversity in Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Diversity in Organizations - Essay Example In the case of I.T. business relationship established between India and US companies the factors that need to be assessed are more specific. The ability to understand the difference in workforce demographics by all levels of management, categorisation of diversity, establishing necessary legal framework relating to diversity issues like employment discrimination and creation of equal employment opportunity are the few important factors that need careful attention. The initiatives for diversity management must precede proper understanding of the above mentioned factors. A brief analysis of the important factors that need to be considered in the US-India business relationship are given below. Both India and United States belong to the group of countries that have highly diverse societies. The business relationship between two nations also have different type of diversity challenges and priorities. The highly skewed pattern of access to professional education, socialization and career progression in India creates tremendous pressure on locating, retraining and moulding the newly recruits to the expected level of competence desired. Thus non-uniform distribution of talent is the major bottleneck faced by overseas IT enterprises trying to establish business relationship in Indian mainland (Schome, n.d.). The task of managing the diversity in India would also be a new experience for American managers as they have been exposed to totally different requirements when compared to their previous experience back home. The American society is more adaptable to the changes required due to the huge entry of immigrants and or those underrepresented segment of the population. These man agers have had an earlier experience of creating an environment of social bond inspite of the prevailing diversity. Perception on diversity The major difference in the perception of the diversity across two nations clearly conveys the true picture on the diversity perception. The religion, gender, birth place, caste etc are the major diversity issues encountering an Indian. While in US they also include disability, age, marital status, immigration / citizenship status and sexual orientation (Schome, n.d). Legal Framework US have a very strong legal framework to ensure more robust policies with proper legal action being enforced against the corporate offenders. And these action are often highlighted as the cases of the best corporate practices. While in India, the things are more weak and the system lack proper legal support for any discriminatory practices. All the government and public sector undertaking bodies in India have a system of reservation, where a specified percentage of positions are earmarked for the people representing different caste/religion/section. Management Plan The diversity initiatives at workplace must facilitate easy exchange of new ideas and perceptions among all the members of the working group. Further, it would also help wider participation among all by inviting suggestions and solutions to important issues and thus ensure a respectful and acceptable work environment in the organization (Reichenburg,

Consumer Behaviour Reporr Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Consumer Behaviour Reporr - Assignment Example Qantas is one of best long distance airlines in Australia that has consistently provided satisfying services to its customers. The company provides both local and international flights to its target customers across the world. The ability of the company to succeed comes from its strong strategy that is based on its efficiency in determining customer behavior and striving to satisfy them. Operating in a friendly business environment has worked well with the organizational strategy. The essay evaluates the Qantas environment and seeks to establish the role it plays in influencing the performance of the company. The external business environment includes all factors that do not fall under the direct influence of the organization. These factors have a significant impact on the way businesses operate and the ability of organizations to establish themselves in the market. IN principle, organizations must adapt to external business factors to promote their business. A PEST model will be employed to analyze the external environment in which Qantas Airlines operates. Australia is one of the countries that have the most attractive political factors for business investment. The Australian federal government provides investors with the incentives to invest by reducing their tax and reducing any barriers in entry. All investors are expected to pay 22% tax to the government which is fair in this country (Weller, 2013). The Airlines industry is one of the industries that the government deregulated and investors have a chance to optimize their profits. However, the growth of this industry is likely to attract the government attention, leading to more regulation. In addition, stabilization of the Australian government has motivated local investor to venture into business, and there seem to be a risk for increase in business competition (Homsombat, Lei & Fu, 2014). Economic development in Australia is one of the factors that have led to the growth on the bubble

Ways in which Music Copyrights are exploited Essay

Ways in which Music Copyrights are exploited - Essay Example Ways in which Music Copyrights are exploited Music began its long relationship with copyrights through the Berne Convention 1886 which established that the moral right of ownership of a property had an effect on the reproduction of a property. This was extended to film through referring to it as a series of pictures in 1911 and in the Copyright Act of 1956 and then in the UK Performers; Protection Acts 1958-1972 began to solve the problems associated with copying protected intellectual property. The Americans would not sign on to the Berne Convention 1886. However, copyright is established as a right under the Constitution which supports a general belief in the concept of ownership. All subsequent American laws are developed from this foundation of law in their Constitution. Emerging sources of income in the early 20th century in the music industry were defined by performance, mechanical, and synchronized income. Performance income is based upon the revenue that is earned through users who create a public performance of the wor k that generates benefit. Performance rights are managed through entities that hold and can allow a performance to be licensed for a fee. Mechanical income comes from users who are reproducing a piece of music through technology of some kind. When other types of media utilize a song, then synchronization income is generated (Gammons 2010: 50). The MCPS (Mechanical Copyright Protection Society) takes on the role of responsibility to administer licensed music. Through the use of a blanket license, the user is permitted use through a variety of forms of mechanical reproduction (Parker 2004: 78). The development of technologies in the 1960s created even more ways in which synchronization could be used to create multiple levels of income. While the film industry had become a well tapped resource for income as music was used liberally in movies, the television industry as it became more and more of a staple offered the music industry a

An IPO for Twitter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

An IPO for Twitter - Essay Example An IPO is an acronym that stands for Initial Public Offering which refers to the first sale of stocks by a privately owned company to the public. IPO’s are often used by younger and smaller companies to expand their business but are also used by privately owned large companies to become publicly traded (Investopedia, 2911). When Twitter makes the decision to go public along with their new commercial accounts and advertisement programs, it is best for Twitter to use an auction – based IPO to acquire and bring more profit to the company. Auction – based IPOs utilize the internet to open the bidding of their stocks to interested investors. In order to underwrite the IPO, Twitter will need an investment bank. This would cost less compared to the traditional IPO underwriting process. A road show would be provided to educate investors about the company’s offerings and the company itself. Additionally, this type of IPO is beneficial for Twitter because auction â €“ based IPOs open the bidding of their stock through the internet allowing a larger set of investors to participate. Lastly, and most importantly, Twitter would have a share price closer to the market value as opposed to the share price in traditional IPO; this would mean there will be a higher return of profit for Twitter (Kadam, 2009). While in the traditional IPO, Twitter would designate a specific investment bank to underwrite the IPO. ... The true market value would be discounted from what Twitter and the investment bank came up with because this acts as the investment bank’s commission from Twitter. For this reason, Twitter would have a lower cost on the auction – based IPO for the underwriting process. After identifying the number of shares that can be offered and the share price of the IPO. In the same way as an auction – based IPO, a road show would be given to the investors to educate them about the offering and about the company itself. Once the road show is completed, shares are then allocated to investors. The advantage of using a traditional IPO is stocks are much higher than the initial price when the trading begins (eSSORTMENT, 2011). There are disadvantages with these types of IPOs. In an auction – based IPO, it would cost them less capital if the company and the investment bank overestimate the value of the stock. If this occurs, the company would not meet their target capital, which translates in a shortage of funds for the company’s expansion. Also, there would be less return of investments for investors because the share price in this form of IPO is close to the market value allowing the profits to flow in the company’s favor (eSSORTMENT, 2011). Another example of a risk in using the auction – based IPO is when the system gets hit by a virus after opening the stocks for bidding to the interested investors. This occurrence would violate the state and federal security laws of the investors. This obstacle can really happen because the opening of the shares is through the use of the internet making it very possible to get hit by the said virus (Hildreth, n.d.). The disadvantage in a traditional IPO is investment banks take

Factors Associated With Work Satisfaction of Registered Nurses Assignment

Factors Associated With Work Satisfaction of Registered Nurses - Assignment Example The authors have taken special efforts to document the most recent studies in the literature review. The literature review consists of recent references. As the article was published in 2006, it can be observed that of the 49 sources used in the article 42 belong to the last 10 years (from 1996-2006) whereas 19 of them are from the last five years (from 2001-2005). Certain contradictions in the findings of the literature such as the relationship between distributive justice and work satisfaction have also been pointed out. However, the researchers have failed to provide a detailed description of the previous studies. Even though the researchers have referenced the major findings conducted by the previous researchers in the literature review, details such as the research designs, methods, and samplings have not been included in the literature review. A considerable number of authors have been cited in the literature; however, the readers fail to grasp the nature and depth of the resea rches undertaken by them. However, it can be seen that the researchers have concisely summarized their review of the literature to reveal what is known and what is unknown regarding RNs’ work satisfaction. The lack of theoretical framework and differences in demographic characteristics has also been taken into account. Framework/Theoretical Perspective Critically analyzing the article it can be observed that no framework (theoretical model or theory) is explicitly expressed by the researchers in the introduction or the literature review.... on many factors (for instance, the relationship between distributive justice and work satisfaction) has contributed to the significance of this paper. Literature Review The authors have taken special efforts to document the most recent studies in the literature review. The literature review consists of recent references. As the article was published in 2006, it can be observed that of the 49 sources used in the article 42 belong to the last 10 years (from 1996-2006) whereas 19 of them are from the last five years (from 2001-2005). Certain contradictions in the findings of the literature such as the relationship between distributive justice and work satisfaction have also been pointed out. However, the researchers have failed to provide a detailed description of the previous studies. Even though the researchers have referenced the major findings conducted by the previous researchers in the literature review, details such as the research designs, methods, and samplings have not been in cluded in the literature review. A considerable number of authors have been cited in the literature; however, the readers fail to grasp the nature and depth of the researches undertaken by them. However, it can be seen that the researchers have concisely summarized their review of the literature to reveal what is known and what is unknown regarding RNs’ work satisfaction. The lack of theoretical framework and differences in demographic characteristics has also been taken into account. Framework/Theoretical Perspective Critically analyzing the article it can be observed that no framework (theoretical model or theory) is explicitly expressed by the researchers in the introduction or the literature review. However, the authors make it clear that their research is based on a theoretical

Benefits of STEM Programmes

Benefits of STEM Programmes Lamar Linton S.T.E.M STEM instruction is dynamic, and spotlights on an understudy focused learning condition. Substitutes take part in addressing, critical thinking, cooperation, and hands-on exercises while they address genuine issues. In STEM training, instructors work as classroom facilitators. They control understudies through the critical thinking procedure and plan extends that prompt to an authority of substance and STEM capability. STEM-capable understudies can answer complex inquiries, global research issues, and create solutions for difficulties and right issues while applying the meticulousness of science, innovation, building, and arithmetic substance in a consistent manner. STEM-capable understudies are sensible masterminds, powerful communicators and are innovative, experimentally, and scientifically proficient it is likely that each occupation in the 21st Century will require some ability in science, innovation, designing, and math. The reconciliation of design and innovation into the arithmetic and science educational programs will make guideline more enormous and engaging. It will likewise furnish understudies with the abilities that are fundamental to accomplishment in the 21st Century. STEM is a vital part in elevating our understudies to be prepared for school, profession, and life. We are instructing understudies that will contend with the world for jobs. There is no all around the endless supply of STEM. Specialists do concur, in any case, that STEM laborers utilize their insight into science, innovation, designing, or math to attempt to see how the world functions and to tackle issues. Their work regularly includes the utilization of PCs and different devices. STEM occupations are distinguished in an assortment of ways. This article utilizes a rundown in light of the Standard Occupational Classification Manual to examine trades from six gatherings, including PC and arithmetic; design and building; and life, physical, and sociologies. Healthcare occupations are rejected from this examination since they are portrayed in a different article in this issue of the Quarterly. STEM fields are firmly related and expand on each other. For instance, math gives the establishment to material science and material science, like this, to engineer. Designers can apply their insight into material science to make cutting edge gadgets that are helpful for testing hypotheses in material science. Progresses in material science may then prompt to propel in designing and innovation. To better comprehend STEM, a concise depiction of each field takes after. Science specialists concentrate the physical and ordinary world through perception and experimentation. Science is a focal point to translate the world, says (Herrick, n.d.), a volcanologist at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC. My occupation is to grow information. Science laborers can likewise educate open arrangement, for example, by giving information as far as possible on the utilization of poisonous chemicals. The work of researchers frequently includes looking into, composing recommendations and academic papers, and showing discoveries. Science experts gather tests, direct trials, and do different errands to help researchers in those endeavors. Laborers depend on the sound technique to dispassionately test speculations and hypotheses. The correct procedure requires repeatable investigations that deliver unsurprising and perceptible information. At the point when the information coordinates a hypothesis expectations, the examination bolsters that theory. Speculations with the most steady proof are embraced however may keep on evolving, because new confirmation. Teachers in science are sorted in light of the piece of the universe they examine space sciences, earth sciences, life sciences, science, and material science. For instance, the life sciences concentrate the living scene, for example, plants or the human body; disciplines incorporate nature, hereditary qualities, neuroscience, pathology, and sustenance. Innovation Technology specialists utilize science and designing to make and investigate PC and data frameworks. For instance, some tech laborers create programming applications and construct and keep up PC systems and databases. STEM Output Innovation work interfaces individuals, making all types of correspondence including business exchanges, video sharing, and portable perusing speedier and less costly. The work frequently includes outlining, testing, keeping up, and enhancing PC programming, equipment, frameworks, and systems. Have you considered how regularly we encounter STEM in our lives? Science is our current world-sun, moon, and stars grounds and seas climate, catastrophic events, the differing qualities of nature, creatures expensive, little, microbial plants and sustenance the fuel that warms our homes and powers transportation. The rundown is practically unending. In this day and age, innovation implies PCs and cell phones, yet it backpedals to TV, radio, magnifying lens, broadcast, telescopes, the compass, and even the main wheel. Yes, designing outlines structures, streets, and scaffolds, yet it likewise handles todays difficulties of transportation, an unnatural weather change and condition amicable machi nes, apparatuses, and frameworks. We just need to glance around to perceive what upgrades to our lives and our homes have been built in the most recent decade alone. We experience arithmetic at the market, the bank, on tax documents, in managing ventures and the family spending plan. Each and every other STEM field relies on upon science. STEM is vital because it plagues each part of our lives. How about we consider how STEM impacts what is nearest and dearest to us our kids. STEM is their future the innovative age in which they live, their best profession choices, and their key to intelligent decisions. U.S Departments stand on STEM In 2009, the United States Department of Labor recorded the ten most needed workers. Eight of those workers were ones with degrees in the STEM fields bookkeeping, software engineering, electrical building, mechanical designing, data sciences and frameworks, PC building, structural designing, and financial matters and back. (Labor, 2009) As indicated by the U. S. Bureau of Commerce, STEM occupations are developing at 17%, while others are developing at 9.8%. Social insurance specialists with partner degrees to specialists of prescription will healthy 20% more in lifetime income than associates with comparable levels in non-medicinal services. A look at 2010 beginning pay rates for designers with $47,145 for structural architects to $60,054 for synthetic specialists is solid proof that STEM-related employments can be fiscally remunerating professions for our kids. (Commerce, 2010) Whether you realize it or not, S.T.E.M. is part of your day to day life. I cant put it any more eloquently than Rosalind Franklin, the English chemist who made contributions to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal, and graphite. You look at science or at least talk of it as some sort of demoralizing invention of man, something apart from real life, and which must be cautiously guarded and kept separate from everyday existence. But science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated. Science, for me, gives a partial explanation of life. In so far as it goes, it is based on fact, experience and experimentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ In my view, all that is necessary for faith is the belief that by doing our best we shall come nearer to success and that success in our aims (the improvement of the lot of mankind, present and future) is worth attaining. (Franklin, 2016) Science instruction has been a disputable subject among bosses and schools for a considerable length of time. Managers are asking for more STEM graduates yet the schools cant stay aware of the rising interest. Unemployment rates keep on going up while positions in the science, innovation, and building fields have stayed open and unfulfilled. STEM training is fundamental to the position of the United States on the planet standings in STEM research and outline. As of now 3 of the 5 beat positions in STEM research are held by Asian nations and tragically the United States doesnt fall in the main 10 for the rundown. There was at one time a period when the United States drove the world in STEM inquire about, however circumstances are different and now the United States is trailing numerous different nations in logical advancement. Numerous U.S. natives are unconscious of the present condition of the STEM instruction framework and they frequently boast about statuses that the united States do not hold anymore. Teachers and organizations are collaborating to build STEM enthusiasm for school-matured youngsters and youths. It is their trust that their endeavors will expand the measure of secondary school graduates entering degree looking for projects in the STEM fields. A few endeavors are sketched out in this paper alongside their victories and disappointments. The interest for STEM graduates is amazing, yet with just six percent of secondary school graduates entering and finishing four year certifications in the STEM handle, the request is not being met. Benefits of STEM According to the U. S. Labor Department, the 10 fastest growing occupations) from 2008-2018, and their median wages are Biomedical engineers, $77,400 Network systems and data communications analysts, $71,100 Home health aides, $20,460 Personal and home care aides, $19,180 Financial examiners, $70,930 Medical scientists, except epidemiologists, $72,590 Physician assistants, $81,230 Skin care specialists, $28,730 Biochemists and biophysicists, $82,840 Athletic trainers, $39,640 (Labor, 2009) Look at other countries, and there are a lot of other countries that have done a better job with STEM subjects at the educational policy level. STEM should be more of a priority, but things are changing. The last two presidential administrations have made it STEM a priority, which is not true for administrations in the past, James Brown, executive director of STEM Education Coalition, told FoxNews.com. Education laws change slowly, and change goes both upwards from local school districts up to state and federal government and downwards to people like principals and superintendents. Brown said that working for STEM Education Coalition a large nonprofit affiliated with more than 500 member organizations that aims to lobby for increased governmental awareness and support for STEM education has given him a front-row seat to the continued movement to effect change in schools nationwide. He added that STEM is integral to giving students an edge in the economy upon graduating high school and college. The economy is changing with an emphasis on technology skills across all sectors. The emphasis now is that not all STEM jobs require four-year degrees. When I was growing up, you had what were called blue collar jobs, now you have technicians who need to be highly skilled in tech. You need people who can repair MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) machines, or work on electric cars, Brown said. You now need technicians who need to have really hard STEM skills. Thats a skill set that will be growing over the next five years, it will be more in demand, and giving students the foundation for those kinds of careers starts in school. (Mastroianni, 2015). STEM can have diverse intending to various individuals. STEM in advanced education is relatively direct. An understudy enlisted in a STEM related program, other than educator training, is in a remain solitary STEM field. For instance, if an understudy is majoring sub-atomic science, they will enter the STEM workforce as a researcher. They could be presented to innovation, designing or arithmetic that particularly relates to their field. However, chances are they will be uncovered somehow shape or frame. In this manner, coordination regarding STEM might happen; nonetheless, it must be noted they are inside a STEM field. This is not the situation with instructor training. Consider a High School Science Teacher that just shows science, however, does not coordinate innovation, building or math into their educational programs or that dont team up with other STEM staff. In spite of the fact that this instructor is in a STEM field the way that they dont coordinate or work together makes them only a science educator, not a STEM teacher. This valid with all instructors with the STEM field who show k-12 training. A few commentators stress that more science and innovation implies less writing and craftsmanship. Alternately that understudies creative impulses are being smothered, others worry about a lot of screen time particularly for more active children and about compounding an advanced partition between understudies from low-pay homes and their more productive associates. STEM supporters counter that quality STEM programs depend on all the customary school branches of knowledge, and that STEM urges understudies to think more innovatively than in conventional classrooms since substitutes are regularly making something amid the day. With respect to screen time, a few teachers in the STEM schools we went by voiced a comparable concern and said they were finding a way to test gadget utilization. In the interim, the government, establishments and organizations have given huge entireties of money and innovation to schools in an offer to address the tech separate Conclusion Better arrangement of science (STEM) programs, instructional practices, and understudy backings is required in foundations to address the issues of the populaces they serve. Programming and approaches that address the atmosphere of STEM divisions and classrooms, the accessibility of instructional backings and true STEM encounters, and the usage of powerful showing rehearses together can help understudies conquer key obstructions to winning a STEM degree, including time to degree and the cost of a STEM degree. References Franklin, R. (2016). Brainhacker. Retrieved from https://brainhac.kr/2016/08/why-stem-is-important-for-young-and-old Herrick, J. (n.d.). Labor, U. S. (2009). Retrieved from https://www.dol.gov/ Mastroianni, B. (2015, June 29). FOX NEWS. Retrieved from Biology. the U.S. Department of Health Human Services. (n.d.). Stop Bulling. Retrieved from https://www.stopbullying.gov/

The Evaluation And Invention Of Social Work Social Work Essay

The Evaluation And Invention Of Social Work Social Work Essay This short study takes up the evaluation and assessment of two social work intervention theories, namely the Task Centred Approach and the Crisis Intervention Method, with special regard to their implications and applications for social work practice. Social workers, in the course of their practice, are often called upon to help people in coping and dealing with different types of difficulties in their lives. Human beings face situations of crisis at one time or the other during their lives (Roberts, 2000, p 11). The crisis theory postulates that the occurrence of crises is normal to life. Such crisis situations can occur suddenly, like family illnesses or a loss of jobs, or be unpredictable, like entering school or growing older (Roberts, 2000, p 11). Individuals attempt to cope with crises with their available mechanisms, but face problems when such mechanisms do not work or when earlier unresolved crises get reactivated. Social workers are often called upon to intervene with individuals and help them in coping with their crises (Roberts, 2000, p 11). The task-centred approach is a progressive and goal-orientated method for social work practice. It constitutes a practice-based approach that is built on research and is being used in a diverse settings and circumstances (Nash, et al, 2005, p 33).  It represents a social work method wherein clients are assisted in carrying out problem reducing tasks within specific time periods. It is structured, problem focused and time-restricted and is being increasingly used in contemporary social service interventions (Nash, et al, 2005, p 33). Crisis intervention is often grouped together with the task centred approach. Malcolm Payne (1991, p 4) sees significant common ground between crises intervention and task centred approaches to social work practice. Both methods focus on problem solving, deal with brief interventions and are related to learning theory. This essay takes up the examination and assessment of these two theories, with especial regard to their communalities, their differences and their relevance for social work practice. Due regard is given to the implications of anti-oppressive practice. 2. Crisis Intervention Theory The crisis theory states that it is important for people to resolve their crises situations and experiences in order to cope with new developments and crises (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). If individuals are unable to resolve their earlier crises, they become more vulnerable to inability to resolve new crises. Individuals who learn new skills to resolve their crises are on the other hand strengthened in coping with future crisis situations (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). Human beings have considerable capacities for handling or dealing with difficult situations. It is only when such difficulties assume significant proportions and people do not have appropriate resources, personal, emotional, social, spiritual or physical, to deal appropriately with stressful circumstances or events that they become involved in crises. Difficult or stressful events do not by themselves result in crisis situations (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). Crises are actually determined by the responses of individuals to specific stres sful circumstances or events and their responses to them. Crises develop only when individuals perceive specific events to be significant and threatening, try to handle such events with their usual coping strategies without success, and are not able to use other alternatives (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). Behavioural and psychological experts perceive crises to be akin to states of psychological disequilibrium. Individuals experiencing crises are likely to experience a range of emotions like feelings of apprehension, anxiety, fear, guilt and helplessness (Nash, et al, 2005, p 37). Other indicators include alterations in eating and sleeping patterns, activity and energy levels and ability to concentrate. People in crises are also commonly known to suffer from depression and withdraw from social intervention (Nash, et al, 2005, p 37). Social work experts argue that whilst the majority of crises run their course or reach some semblance of stability within one or two months, it is necessary for skilled intervention to take place to strengthen the coping mechanisms of individuals. The failure to do so will result in the existence and continuance of crisis associated behaviours, even as the opportunity for change will be forgone (Nash, et al, 2005, p 37). People in crisis often have little by way of solutions and are receptive to external help and assistance (Roberts, 2000, p 19). The provisioning of skilled intervention by social work practitioners during the occurrence of the crises can result in opportunities for individuals experiencing crisis to learn new skills, achieve beneficial behavioural change, and regain stability. Individuals who have been able to successfully cope with crises are strengthened by such experiences and can use their skills in future times of difficulty (Roberts, 2000, p 19). Crisis intervention is essentially a professional response that is limited in terms of time and is used to assist individuals, families, and groups (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 83). Social workers aim to assess the openness of individuals experiencing crises to learning of new skills and mechanisms for coping. They also help individuals in reducing their feelings of helplessness, isolation, and distress and use social resources to help in restoring individuals to their prior functional levels, as soon as practically possible (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 83). Such social work intervention is done through listening, validation, acceptance, normalisation, reassurance, education, advocacy and brokering resources (Nash, et al, 2005, p 38). Crisis intervention can be specifically segregated into 7 stages, namely (a) establishment of communication and development of feelings with individuals that circumstances can become better, (b) assessment of situation, (c) exploration of available strengths and resources, (d) goal setting with the use of such strengths and resources, (e) implementation of plan, teaching of new skills and mobilisation of other support if required, (f) evaluation and adjustment of the plan and (g) follow up and termination of relationship (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 83). It is important for social workers to be skilled in crisis intervention because of the constant demand upon them for helping people in crisis situations (Roberts, 2000, p 19). Social workers are liable to encounter clients with diverse needs, which may in turn require research, strategic planning and the providing of individualised person centred support (Roberts, 2000, p 19). The nature of crisis intervention work also calls for confidentiality and emotional separation in order to deliver services in a professional manner (Roberts, 2000, p 19). 3. Task Centred Approach The task centred approach emerged in response to the slow and inadequate results that were being achieved through traditional casework methods (Reid, 1997, p 134). Traditional casework methods in social work were felt to be of limited use because of their resource intensive nature, their lack of focus, and their ambiguous outcomes, which were difficult to assess and quantify (Reid, 1997, p 134). Reid and Shyne engaged in extensive study in the late 1960s to explore alternate approaches to casework and developed the task centred approach for social work practice, which called for limited but intensely focused intervention periods. The approach was essentially client oriented and required the social worker to act as a facilitator (Reid, 1997, p 134). With the task centred approach helping clients to improve their difficulties quickly, the process was soon adopted for replication and development in the United Kingdom (Reid, 1997, p 134). Studies on the task centred approach revealed that unfocused help, as was provided by the psycho-social approach and the case study method, over long periods, resulted in reduction of hope and self confidence on the part of the client (Nash, et al, 2005, p 42). It also resulted in negative dependency and unnecessary attachments to specific organisations or particular social workers (Nash, et al, 2005, p 42). It was also seen that the setting of time limits for achievement of specific outcomes helped in building expectations of the possibility of rapid change and enhanced participant energy and motivation (Nash, et al, 2005, p 42). Whilst the task centred approach proved to be practically beneficial for clients and also served, reduce and optimise utilisation of limited social work resources, it also facilitated a shift towards the person centred approach, the negation of the assumption of the professional being the only source of expertise, and helped in achievement of greater empowerment and reduction of oppression (Naleppa Reid, 1998, p 63). The task centred approach calls for attention to be paid to social and external issues that affect individuals rather than on perceiving individuals and their psychological histories to be the main cause of their difficulties (Naleppa Reid, 1998, p 63). The task centred approach involves a structured method wherein the social worker firstly assists the service user in articulating the problems in the ways perceived by service users (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 87). The social workers subsequently helps the service user to detail and breakdown the problems, taking care to redefine them wherever necessary and helping the service user to locate important areas for action (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 87). The social worker finally motivates the service user to categorise and prioritise his or her individual problem in line with his or her perceptions (Naleppa Reid, 1998, p 63). The social worker and service user thereafter work in partnership to (a) specify and identify outcomes, (b) agree to contracts and (c) review and assess progress. Social workers who use the task centred approach should be able to positively engage service users and instil trust and confidence (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 87). Commonalities in Task Centred and Crisis Intervention Approaches Task centred approaches and crisis intervention methods appear to merge well in both theory and practice (Watson, et al, 2002, p 96). Social work research indicates that the use of these methods have proved to be effective with a wide range of clients. Both theories emerged in response to the apparently ineffective outcomes of case work approaches that were grounded in psychodynamic theory (Watson, et al, 2002, p 96). Both methods additionally focus on brief and short term interventions. They are connected to learning theory and based upon problem solving ideas (Watson, et al, 2002, p 96). Both these approaches call upon social workers to engage in participative and joint activity with service users, first to assess and analyse problems and their causes and then take action to deal with such problems (Sandoval, 2002, p 63). The application of these methods thus calls for the use of the person centred theory, the need to place the service user at the centre of the issue and the urgency of viewing the issue from his or her perspective (Sandoval, 2002, p 63). Social workers need to be very good listeners in order to be able to locate the real issues that are troubling service users and thereafter be able to help them with measures to tackle their difficulties (Sandoval, 2002, p 63). Like other social work methods, the task centred approach does have its limitations. It is in the first instance predicated upon the rationality of service users and their willingness to work with social workers (Nash, et al, 2005, p 53). It is also difficult to apply it without appropriate agency support. Despite such limitations the two approaches continue to be very useful, especially because of their instrumentality in increasing empowerment and their integral anti-oppressive approach (Nash, et al, 2005, p 53). The methods increase the abilities of service users through the inculcation of new skills and allow them to deal, not just with their current situations but with future circumstances of difficulty and oppression (Nash, et al, 2005, p 53). Conclusions Social work practice is influenced by many factors that require the taking account of the perspectives of service users, social workers, agencies and society. The approach of individual workers is bound to be influenced by numerous factors that can leave them confused and looking for guidance in their task of assisting service users in difficulties. The task centred approach and the crisis intervention theory provide useful tools to service users to assess the true conditions of service users, participate with them in structured, time bound and joint resolution of problems and empower them to face and overcome oppression. Social workers do however need to understand the implications of these theories and refrain from labeling their actions in all difficult situations to be task centred or critical intervention in nature. The true understanding of the potential and use of these theories will help them significantly in their practice scenarios.

English Views of the Native Americans :: essays papers

English Views of the Native Americans After reading chapter three of Unger's American Issues, I now have a better understanding of how English settlers looked upon the lifestyles of the Native Americans. Four key people that have led to this understanding are Hugh Jones, Hugh Henry Brackenridge, William Penn, and John Heckewelder. In their essay's they give accurate accounts of how the Native Americans lived, through their eyes. I also see how European beliefs reflected their views and how this set the stage for conflict among these groups. In Hugh Jones' essay titled, "Characteristics of the Indians," he basically gives a factual account of how the Indians live their daily life. Although his account is mostly factual, his European biases do play a major role in his interpretation of Indian ways. In one instance, in describing the Indians rejoicing and war dances, Jones says that they used, "the most antick [sic] gestures, in the most frightful dress, with a hideous noise" (Unger, p. 43). To Jones and other Englishmen their dress may seem frightful and the noise may sound hideous, but that is his opinion. To the Indians this is normal and a way of life. This just shows the white man's ignorance to the culture of the Native Americans. In a second instance Jones's describes the Indians in their "finest dress." He states that the Indians believe they are looking their best when they are ridiculously dressed. Once again he is giving his opinion of the definition of what is considered ridiculous to the English. Jones also pokes fun at many of the traditions of the Indians, for example, the way they wear their hair or the painting on their faces. He notes this as being comical and also uses sarcasm in portraying these traditions. Jones' essay provides many useful facts about the Indian way of life, but his European biases prevent him from disclosing the actual truth. Hugh Henry Brackenridge has a very opposing view towards the Indians. Jones never really gives his personal opinion on whether or not he liked the Indians, but Brackenridge make his view very clear. He makes this apparent in the title of his essay, "The Indians Have No Exclusive Claim to America." Brackenridge supports this notion with many references to the Bible. He states that "The whole of this earth was given to man, and all descendants of Adam have a right to share it equally" (Brackenridge, in Unger, p.

Essay --

1. What is meant by the term "drug abuse": Drug abuse is the use of a habit forming drug that can lead to addiction and dependence; this can also cause serious medical issues such as damage to the kidneys or liver. This can also cause mental harm such as hallucination or memory loss. The ultimate damage it can cause is death. 2. Other than drug users themselves, who are the victims of drug abuse in our society: Everyone in the family of a drug abuser is a victim, children are the biggest victims, and according to a article in the Journal of American Medical Association that woman who are pregnant and use opioid’s has increased five times and that these newborns are experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome which has tripled from 2000 to 2009 â€Å"They estimate that â€Å"in 2009 there was approximately one infant born per hour in the U.S. with signs of drug withdrawal.† (The innocent victims) 3. List the ways that cocaine in addicted pregnant mothers affects their unborn: Cocaine use during pregnancy rises the risk of stroke and heart damage during development and increased risk of brain d...

International Brand Strategy

4. Identify the factors that need to be considered when developing a brand strategy within the service-based industries and explain why the development a clear and consistent corporate brand image and reputation is a fundamental part of international brand strategy. Corporate brand image: Branding is the art and science of identifying and fulfilling human physical and emotional needs by capturing their attention, imagination and emotion.Your corporate brand is, more than anything else, the most significant thing that will define you in the public eye, and therefore the one that will help to ensure your success – or your demise. A strong brand image and name will boost confidence throughout the business, and create a strong, successful impression in the market. Keller (2003a) says, â€Å"technically speaking, then, whenever a marketer creates a new name, logo, or symbol for a new product, he or she has created a brand† A brand serves to identify a product and to distingu ish it from competition. The challenge today is to create a distinctive image† (Kohli and Thakor 1997) The resource-based view within the strategy literature has argued that sustainable competitive advantage is created primarily from intangible capabilities, including brands and reputations (Omar et al. , 2009) The relative importance placed by the firm on its corporate identity also influences brand structure. Companies such as IBM and Apple place considerable emphasis on corporate identity (Schmitt and Simenson 1997).In the case of IBM, â€Å"Big Blue† is associated with a solid corporate reputation and reflects the company's, desire to project an image of a large reliable computer company that provides products and services worldwide. The IBM logo is featured on products and advertising worldwide to convey this image. Equally, Apple used its neon apple logo to project the image of a vibrant challenger in the personal computer market. Why does it matter? †¢Identi fication of sources of product †¢Assignment of responsibility to product maker. †¢Risk reducer †¢Search cost reducer †¢Symbolic device Signal of quality †¢Promise or bond with product or maker Advantage: Awareness The harder a company works on its branding and identity, in most cases, the more awareness it creates. For example, Coca-Cola is known worldwide for its product. A consumer can see it in a foreign county, with labelling in a foreign language and know it is a Coca-Cola product. The red colour and shape of the bottle is an immediate trigger in many minds as to the fact that the drink is a Coca-Cola product. This is branding and identity at its best. Advantage: Consistency in the MarketplaceThe more often a customer sees your brand in the marketplace, the more often he will consider it for purchase. If the brand and identity are truly kept consistent, the customer is more likely to feel that the quality is consistent and to become a loyal follower of the brand. However, this means that the product must maintain a consistency that reflects the image as well. Attract stakeholders, which can aid the development of strong business relationships. Focuses on long term growth Disadvantage: Can Become Commonplace Many brands strive to be No. 1 in the minds of consumers. For example, in many parts of the U.S. , people request a Coke when they go to a restaurant, not necessarily meaning a Coca-Cola product, but any soda. While it is the goal of branding to become the standard, it is not the goal to become the generic term of a line of products. Disadvantage: Negative Attributes If a product or service experiences a negative event, that will become attached to the brand. For example, a massive recall or unintentionally offensive ad campaign can tarnish a company’s brand and image, causing the company to need to build a whole new brand and identity to recapture its place in the market.An important element of a firm's overall brand st rategy is its branding policy. Strong brands help the firm establish an identity in the marketplace and develop a solid customer franchise (Aaker 1996; Kapferer 1997; Keller 1998), as well as provide a weapon to counter growing retailer power (Barwise and Robertson 1992). They can also provide the basis for brand extensions, which further strengthens the firm's position and enhance value (Aaker and Keller 1990). In international markets, the firm's branding strategy plays an important role in integrating the firm's activities worldwide.A firm can, for example, develop global brands (using the same brand name for a product or service worldwide) or endorse local country brands with the corporate brand or logo, thus establishing acommon image and identity across country markets. The top three strategic goals for brand strategy nowadays are increasing customer loyalty, differentiating from the competition, and establishing market leadership (Davis and Dunn 2002). A company with a well-e xecuted branding strategy gains important competitive advantages over its rivals.An effective branding strategy creates a clear and consistent identity for your products, based on qualities that are important to the market. Your branding strategy positions your products clearly in the minds of customers and prospects, and differentiates your products from competitive offerings. A well-executed branding strategy builds on the strengths of your brand by communicating brand values clearly and consistently. The measure of a well-executed branding strategy is immediate recognition by your target audience with consequent impact on your sales success.The key questions that companies need to ask themselves when developing a brand include: * What is the need we need to satisfy? * What are our core competencies? * What is the reason for this brand to exist in the world? * What is the role of branding in the context of the business strategy? Is it a functional or emotional brand? And then ther e are the internal and external focuses. To maintain a positive brand reputation, there are 3 things that are required: Good leaderships skills from managers that can drive the company towards their aims and objectives * Dedicated staff that possesses the same values reflected from the brand even in the workplace. * A good clean image in the eyes of the public. No controversies The key factors that need to be considered when developing a brand strategy include: * Purchasing * Distribution * New products * Value Purchasing A well-executed branding strategy makes it easier for your customers to make purchasing decisions about your products.They have a clear perception of the performance, benefits and quality of your products. The confidence that the brand will continue to meet their expectations minimizes customers’ risk in purchasing your product. A strong brand helps you build long-term relationships with your customers. Customers continue to buy from companies they trust, so it is important to continually reinforce the brand values that are important. Distribution You can also strengthen your presence in retail outlets and distributors through a well-executed branding strategy.Retailers feel confident in stocking a product with a strong brand, because they know there is strong consumer demand for that product. Your brand strategy can help you sell into retailers and build retail sales by stimulating demand. Encouraging distributors to use your branding material in their communications can also help to build business by giving customers confidence in the service they receive from the distributor. New Products A strong brand makes it easy to introduce new products that carry the same branding. The new product could be a range extension — a different size, color or version of an existing product.In the minds of customers, the new product will have the same qualities as the existing range because of its association with the existing brand. Value A w ell-executed branding strategy ensures that your brand makes an effective contribution to profitability through increased revenue, improved distribution and growth through new products. This, in turn, creates greater value for shareholders, making it easier for your company to attract investment and fund future growth There are a few risks that could come up when creating an international brand strategy:Assuming the brand communicates the same meaning market-to- market, resulting in message confusion Over-standardizing or over-simplifying the brand and its management, ie: discouraged innovation at the local level Use of the wrong communications channels, resulting in inappropriate spending and ineffective impact Underestimating the investment, time for a market to become aware of the brand, try it, and adopt it . Not investing in internal brand alignment to ensure that regional employees understand the brand values and benefits and are able and willing to communicate and deliver con sistently.The brand image of an organisation represents the current and immediate reflection that the stakeholders have towards an organisation (Bick et al. , 2003). It is related to the various physical and behavioural attributes of the organisation, such as business name, architecture, variety of products and services, tradition, ideology, and to the quality cues communicated by the organisation’s products, services and people (Nguyen and Leblanc, 2001). Brand image must be consistent in order to have a positive image in the eyes of the public.For example, Clairol introduced a mist stick curling iron in Germany, only to later find out that the word mist was slang for manure. Pepsi translated the slogan ‘The choice of a new generation’ in Taiwan but came out as, Pepsi, it will bring your ancestors back from the dead. These small hiccups may not be enough for major brands that are already established around the Globe, but for smaller brands trying to break into i nternational territory, it could turn into a serious disaster, as it could have been the first impression of that brand for a lot of people.Reputation is an outcome of interactions between stakeholders and the organisation over time (Argenti and Druckenmiller, 2004). An organisation does not have a single reputation at any point in time. It has a number of reputations depending on the stakeholders concerned. Interactions with brand-associated stimuli (including mass communication, employees, agents or other individuals and groups that are linked to the brand), enables stakeholders to form their perceptions of an organisation. These perceptions consolidate to become a single impression at a point in time – the brand image.Over time these fragmentary images evolve to become the stakeholder’s perception of the reputation of the organisation. The corporate brand comprises two aspects: corporate expression and stakeholder images of the organisation’s identity. The fo rmer includes all mechanisms employed by the organisation to express its corporate identity to all stakeholder groups. Corporate expression links the organisation’s corporate identity with its corporate brand and accordingly is classified as part of both constructs.The strategic choices that organisational leaders must make to determine the corporate expression include the conceptualisation and communication of the visual identity, the brand promise and the brand personality. The second aspect of corporate branding encompasses stakeholders’ perspectives of an organisation’s brand. A stakeholder can never interact with an organisation’s corporate identity in its entirety – they interact with aspects of the organisation’s identity and in so doing build their perception of the corporate brand. As stakeholders experience the brand, they develop brand images.Corporate reputation is the sum of all the views and beliefs held about the company based on its history and future prospects, in comparison to close competitors. Corporate reputation: According to Firestein (2006), reputation is the strongest determinant of any organisation’s sustainability. While strategies can always be changed, when reputation is gravely injured, it is difficult for an organisation to recover. The key people who  assess reputation  are: your customers, your employees, your shareholders, competitors, trade bodies and other businesses and influential people in your sector.The key things that you do which  drive your reputation  are simply: your company values, the products or services you offer, the people you employ and how well they work as a team, and the processes that help you run the business. Fombrun and van Riel (2003) suggest that organisations with good reputations attract positive stakeholder engagement. A favourable corporate reputation results in business survival and profitability (Roberts and Dowling, 2002), is an effecti ve mechanism to maintain competitive advantage, and can aid in building customer retention and satisfaction (Caminiti, 1992)While the definition of corporate reputation is debatable, the one proposed by Gotsi and Wilson (2001, p. 29) is instructive: â€Å"A corporate reputation is a stakeholder’s overall evaluation of a company over time. This evaluation is based on the stakeholder’s direct experiences with the company, any form of communication and symbolism that provides information about the firm’s actions and/or a comparison with the actions of other leading rivals. Organisational culture and business processes are also important levers that ust be aligned with the brand promise. Development of a positive brand image will only occur when the brand promise expected by stakeholders is delivered. If this occurs consistently over time, a strong positive corporate reputation will result. Services currently represent a large and steadily increasing share of the g lobal economy (Lovelock et al. , 2004). In Australia, the top 20 brands ranking by Interbrand, reported in BRW, shows that 17 of the top 20 brands are from the services sector (Lloyd, 2001).In the next decade 90-95% of jobs created in the developed economy are expected to be in the services sector. The increasing dominance of the services economy world-wide has led some researchers to pay greater attention to unique aspects of branding services versus goods. For example, de Chernatony and Dall’ Olmo Riley (1999) conducted in-depth interviews with brand consultants and concluded that managers of services brands should not simply rely on FMCG branding techniques, and that adjustments were needed at the operational level to reflect the unique characteristics of services.Emphasising the heterogeneity and inseparability characteristics of services, Berry (2000) conceptualized a service branding model based on 14 high performance service companies, and proposed that creating an emo tional connection with customers was the key to success O’Cass and Grace (2003) found that services brands differed from manufactured goods brands and that services brand managers were faced with challenges that were distinct from those faced by goods brand managers because of the inherent risks associated with services purchasesBusinesses in the service industry are intangible so therefore are very hard to keep control of and measure quality. Kotler (1986) states that the disadvantage that it has over business selling tangible goods is that the service has to be ready whenever the customer wants it. For example, if he wanted to stay in a hotel, then there should be a room ready for him to sleep in. They are perishable, which means that the night that a room was not sold cannot be sold after the day, or an aeroplane ticket cannot be sold off after the flight has taken off. The service industry looks

Freedom of Speech Essay

Originally rap music has been around since 1926 and was not as popular back then as it is now. Teenagers to adults listen to an average of two point five (2.5) maybe three (3) hours of music per day. Study shown in 1 of 3 of the songs played contains explicit language and reference to drugs alcohol or women. Ice Cube’s album entitled ‘Death Certificate’ sends messages that bluntly and descriptively threatens violence against homosexuals, women, whites who exploit blacks, whites who covet black women, Korean shopkeepers and police officers. Jon Pareles who wrote the article, ‘Should Ice Cube Voice be Chilled? ’argues from several different point of views on why Cube’s album should not be sold. The article also argues that his voice should be chilled because of violent lyrics and threats towards which it addresses. Jon Pareles made his argument by simply using different responses and groups to show why the album should not be sold and should be edited. For example, the Simon Wiesenthal Center is Jewish human rights group who demanded four major record stores chains to cease in selling the album. The called it ‘cultural Molotov cocktail’. After listening to it, the Center realizes how quickly this album is going to explode in the minds and ears of young and old listeners. Another example was ‘Black Korea’ which according to Ice Cube meant Korean shopkeepers who follow the customer throughout the store to ensure they do not steal. This section of the album did not just scratched below the surface but stirred a nationwide boycott. The Korean- American Coalition did not take this lightly, they condemned and deleted it. In an editorial review, a response by James Bernard favored censoring the lyrics because some people are too thin-skinned. Also, Mr. Bernard knew that these types of issue people are force to face on a day to day basis. Why did Ice Cube use such blunt and threatening lyrics? Ice Cube was born and raised in an area polluted with crime, violence and where trust was hidden underground. His inappropriate reactions and vengeance was all towards how he and his people were treated (bullied). Pareles describes this reaction of one that is simplistic and ugly because, this would not eradicate the problem but cause an escalation. The clear message of this album caught enough attention by the media and organizations to determine whether or not ‘Death Certificate’ should be heard at all. The question remains unanswered to curious critics, why are people buying ‘Death Certificate’. Some just savor the action like movie imagery that Ice Cube presents. His gift of violence attracts his listeners to buy the album. Ice Cube lyrics did have some effects on young listeners during the recession; gang involvement disillusioned. However, the majority of the listeners will just play loud music. Jon Pareles produced strong points from many different organizations, groups and individual views on why the album should be terminated. The writer never once critized Ice Cube but spectated his album as a whole. On the other hand, Pareles also agree that although Ice Cube does not have the most positive thinking, he has a right to be heard, but he is going to have to answer and be challenged for his thinking and decisions.

25 Beautiful Examples of Book Illustration

25 Beautiful Examples of Book Illustration 25 Beautiful Examples of Book Illustration We all remember the signature illustrations of our childhood reads: the wild scribbles of Quentin Blake, the gentle watercolors of Beatrix Potter, the simple line drawings of Shel Silverstein, and so on. Indeed, many book illustrations become indelibly linked to the stories they depict. And they’re not just limited to picture books! Many works of literature (both classic and contemporary) benefit from great illustrations as well.To help you get a sense of your preferred style - or if you just want to look through a gallery of gorgeous images - we’ve put together  25 examples of book illustration over the past few years. These drawings come from children’s books, graphic novels, memoirs, and more, with incredible diversity in both the subjects and the illustrators themselves. So whether you’re hoping to find an illustrator for your book  or simply seeking a little inspiration, you’re sure to find something you love! 25 beautiful examples of book illustration from contemporary artists  Ã°Å¸Å½ ¨ 1. A Fine Dessert, Sophie BlackallThis piece by R. Gregory Christie can be found in Carole Boston Weatherford’s Freedom in Congo Square, which details the lives of slaves in nineteenth-century Louisiana. Each week they would look forward to a few hours off, which they’d spend celebrating in Congo Square. And though this work does an admirable job of not sugarcoating history, Christie’s striking illustrations effectively convey the three-dimensional lives of slaves: they were not merely exploited workers, but people who had their own culture, goals, and dreams, all of which were symbolized by their gatherings in Congo Square.What’s your favorite book illustration of all time? Let us know in the comments! Also, for stunning examples of book  cover  designs, check out this amazing gallery.

The soul essays

The soul essays Out of all the philosophers we have examined in this unit, Ren Descartes (On Thinking and the Soul) presents the best argument about what a soul and body are. In contrast, I believe that Lockes interpretation of the body, mind, soul and self was my least favorite interpretation. Ren Descartes believed the soul is a pure, unitary thinking thing that has no weight and occupies no space. The soul, according to Descartes, has clear and distinct ideas of matters that can be conceived of in mathematical terms. The body, according to Descartes, is a material thing that operates mechanically, in accordance of cause and effect. The body moves mechanically through muscles and nerves and generates its own heat. Identity, Descartes believed, comes from the soul. The body acts as a container for the soul and is completely separate from a persons identity. Descartes also believed that thoughts in the soul depend only on the soul and not on the body. Therefore, since the only thing that the soul ca n do is think than he must be a soul. Locke believed that Descartes equation of the soul is completely false. Locke noted that if the soul left the body during sleep (Descartes) than it could body hop into other individual. This outcome of Descartes theory is completely absurd to Locke. Locke believed that the identity of a person comes from his/her body. According to Locke, the same soul criterion used by Descartes wont do as an explanation. He believed that same matter could not be used as a criterion for human identity because matter in ones body turns over through the death of old cells and the birth of new ones. I agree with Descartes notion of self-identity because the soul is separate from the body. I believe that ones body is plagued with several particulars such as hair, arms, legs etc. The soul is a universal entity, meaning everyone has one. I disagree with Lockes account of the body as a pers ...

Religious Social Education Coursework Christianity Essay Example

Religious Social Education Coursework Christianity Essay Example Religious Social Education Coursework Christianity Essay Religious Social Education Coursework Christianity Essay I visited Socketts Heath Baptist Church in Grays; it was originally Clarence Road Baptist Church in 1893. Then in 1933, the church was moved to its present location on Premier Avenue.The main parts of the interior of a church are:Pews: the pews in the church are used to seat the Christians who attend Church. Near the back of main assembly hall are some chairs just in case extra seating space is required. Before the 15th Century the sick and the old were the only people allowed to sit down on the Pews, whilst all the other people would have had to stand. In the 17th century pews were boxed in, and furnished with padded seats and hat pegs. The church I am studying has pews.The Cross-: Directly above the Communion Table is a cross. The symbol of a cross is symbolic of the cross that Jesus was nailed to.The Communion Table: The communion table is a major article within the church. Bread, wine and the Bible are the main objects, which are placed on the communion table. The communion table is placed at the front of the church so the entire congress can see it. The vicar also performs services there. However, at certain times of the year such as Christmas, the people walk down the aisle to the Alter where they receive the bread and wine from the Vicar. A table is used because in Luke chapter 22 verse 14 it states, when the time came, Jesus took His place at the table.Communion is often called The Breaking Of The Bread or The Lords Supper. The reason it is known as either these two because Jesus performed these actions before he died.In Luke chapter 22 verses 17-20 describe how Jesus first gave communion with his disciples, Then Jesus took some bread, gave thanks, broke it and gave it to the apostles saying This is my body, which I am giving for you do this to remember me. In the same way, after supper, Jesus took the cup and said, This cup is the new agreement that God makes with his people. This new agreement begins with my blood, which is poured out for youPulpit: B eginning in about the 9th century two desks called ambos were provided in Christian churches one for reading from the Gospels and the other for reading from the letters. The former, which became increasingly ornate, was the forerunner of the Pulpit. By the 13th century what could be called modern pulpits were being installed in Italian churches. The alter is traditionally at the east end of the Church. Often it is erected against a pillar and sometimes upon a short, freestanding base or slender column. Usually hexagonal or octagonal in form, it is serving as a decorative sounding board. English pulpits often gave two or three stories, with the lowest for a clerk, the middle one for a reading desk, and the third for the preaching of the sermon. There are also external, outdoor pulpits that are entered from within the church.Baptistery Pool: A Baptistery pool is only found inside Baptist churches only. It is believed that baptism was the door to the church. People are only baptised w hen they feel that they are ready to commit themselves to Christ. This is can be at any age, but sometimes the parents of a child will have their children baptised when they are young, the problem with this is that the child does not understand what is happening to them. At Grays Baptist Tabernacle there is a large baptistery pool, which is hidden. The Baptist pool is at the front of congregation so everyone can see the person being baptised. Jesus told his disciples in Matthew chapter 28 verse 19 So go and make followers of all the people in the world. Baptise them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit.Lectern: The Lectern is a reading desk to hold the Bible open. It is normally made out of wood or brass. Occasionally the Lectern is shaped like an eagle because this is a reminder to the people of Isaiah chapter 40 verse 31 in the Old Testament who said that those who hope in the Lord will soar like an eagle. In high-church services the priest gives the gospel re ading in each service from the middle of the congregation but the other readings are given from the Lectern. At Grays Baptist Tabernacle the Lectern is found at the front of the congregation in front of the Communion table.The Bible: The Bible is a collection of Holy Scriptures, which members of that faith accept as authoritative. The Bible is often referred to as the Canon of scriptures. At Grays Baptist Tabernacle the Bible is always left open on the lectern.Stain Glass Windows: Stain glass windows are often found in historical and modern churches. Stained glass windows originally told Biblical stories; nowadays they are mainly pictures of Jesus, May, Saints and any other important Christian figures.Section BAll these features in the church help with worship in one form or another. I need to find out how they assist belief to do that I will write about every item listed in section A, plus I will ask 3 people to answer a questionnaire that I have created.The Cross-: The cross is th e main symbol for Christianity. A cross, in some shape or form, is likely to be found in a vast majority of church. The crucifix is a cross, which carries the figure of a dying Jesus. This symbolises the sufferings of Jesus by which Christians believe they are forgiven. Towards the end of Holy Week, the crucifixes is empty to indicate the Christian belief that Jesus is no longer on the cross but risen from the dead. In the church, the cross is used for people to concentrate on the death of Jesus. At Grays Baptist Tabernacle the cross is empty all year round to show that Jesus is alive.Communion Table: The communion table is where the bread and wine are placed for Communion. The table is laid to remind the church of the Last Supper as Jesus commanded his disciples. In some Christian churches, Holy Communion, or the Eucharist is the most important act of worship in which they take part. Holy Communion means Holy Sharing and refers to the service in which Christians share bread and win e with each other, and with God. As they do so they also share spiritually in the death of Jesus on the cross. Matthew chapter 26 verses 26-28 these words form the basis of Holy Communion today.Chalice: The Chalice is used during communion. After the priest blesses it, he hands them the chalice containing the wine. He says, The blood of Christ. The person replies each time Amen. The bread and wine are no more than just symbols and they remain so throughout the service unlike the High Church or the Catholic point of view.Baptistery Pool: The baptistery pool is used for adult and infant baptism. Parents who bring their child for a baptism believe that this ceremony marks the spiritual rebirth of their child as others renounce evil and repent on its behalf. Adult baptisms are mainly the same as child baptisms except the person chooses that he/she agree to the ways and the beliefs of Christ.Lectern: the lectern gives a special and respectful place for the Bible in the church, which eve ry member is familiar with. The lectern is used during the readings of passages from the Bible. It is shaped so that the Bible will not drop when reading; it is likely to cause a distraction during the service if the Bible is dropped. The Bible can be opened at the appropriate page and left on the lectern before the meeting so there is no time loss in finding the verses.The Bible: The Bible is the Holy Scripture, which is written to help the congregation understand the word of God. The Bible is very valuable to Christians, since it carries instructions given by the Lord. The Bible contains Gods authority on all aspects of belief and behaviour. In 2 Timothy chapter 3 verses 16-17 say All Scripture is inspired by God and is useful for teachings the truth, rebuking error, correcting faults, and giving instructions for right living so that the person who serves God may be fully qualified and equipped to do every kind of good deed.Most church denominations believe that it is important to use quotes from the Bible when speaking to the people. Passages from the Bible are read in almost all Christian services as well as being used in sermons. Lay-people as well as the clergy can give these. During some services and sermons the priest takes one of the Bible passages which has been read earlier in the service and explains both its meaning and its teaching for Christian life today.Members of the congregation usually read the readings from the Old Testament. The reading from the Gospels, however, is usually read by the vicar to show its importance. The reason why the Gospels are treated differently is that they contain the only record of the birth, life, teaching, death and resurrection of Jesus. They are the foundation of the Christian faith. It is thought the other readings do not carry the authority or the importance, which is, attached to readings from the Gospel.Conclusion: In section B, I have tried to show how all the furnishings and fittings are used in Church lif e and how they relate to different Church festivals e.g. Christmas and Easter.Section 3In this part of my project I am going to be discussing whether I think that for a Christian, worship at home more important than worship at church?In todays world, when someone is speaking about church, most people think of it as a building. However church is not just a building but it is the congregation as well.In the New Testament, Acts 2 verse 41-47 it talks about the group of believers that became the new church. This shows that the most important part of the church is the people. In Greek Church means a gathering of people. Therefore, it does not really matter there you are or when you worship God. Some people believe that it is possible to worship God within your own home, in just the same way as you would in a Church, but the Bible says it is important to meet together. In the Old testament God told his people to remember the Sabbath and keep it Holy. In the New Testament, the church was t old not to give up the habit of meeting together. However, Paul says in 1 Corinthians 11 verse 17 that the meetings for worship actually do more harm than good. This is because some were being greedy and getting drunk.For a Christian, worship includes singing, prayer, preaching and Holy Communion. When you are taking communion, the priest or vicar blesses the bread and the wine and then gives it for you to consume. If you are worshiping at home you cannot do this but this does not stop you thinking about the Lord and Jesus. In spite of this some Christians do not believe you have to have a special person to bless the bread and the wine and therefore, they will take it at home with others.Additionally in a church you have more furnishings and features to help assist you worshipping God. For example, you might have an organ or other instruments to aid you whilst you are singing. I believe that it helps and encourages the congregation when there are a lot of people singing. It is also a good place for new songs to be easily introduced and so it keeps people interestedWhen people are worshipping in churches they are sometimes filled with the Holy Spirit or this is also known as the baptism of the Spirit. One of the gifts is to speak in a language known as tongues. Another is the power to heal the sick.Some people may prefer to worship in the comfort of their own home. This might be because they feel more comfortable. Today, most people have a television and so they can watch religious programmes designed to help them worship. If they were at Church they might also be embarrassed about singing and worshipping in front of everyone, but if they were at home alone they probably would not get so embarrassed. But in Psalm 149 it says sing to the Lord a new song, his praise in the assembly of the saints. Which says that you should praise God with other people and in Psalm 150 it says Praise God in his sanctuary which also means praise God in church.In a church, you usual ly get someone who preaches and tries to teach you about Christian life. At home, there is not a preacher and so you do not learn about as much about God and Christian way of loge as you do when you go to church. However, you could get books and tapes from the local Christian bookshop or over the Internet that would help you study the Bible.In conclusion, I think that you can worship in your own home but worshipping in a Church is more effective because you are around other Christians and you can talk to them about subjects, which help you worship God. I believe it is better to worship in church because you can talk about how you feel; an example of this is when someone feels upset and unhappy. They might have suffered a death in the family, enjoyed and perhaps receive prayer or help.